void*

[Steve Hanson]

	Using void* in function declarations I would think
will be, if not already, a very common abstraction mechanism;
however it seems to have an awkwardness about it.

Here's a straight forward implementation of memchr, assuming
char's are unsigned:

void *memchr(const void *s, int c, unsigned int n)
{
	 register unsigned char C = c;

	 while (--n >= 0)
	         if (*s++ == C) {
                      return --s;
                 }
         return (0);
}

This fails of course because of the dereference and the increment
applied to void*. The dereference problem is easy to remove:


void *memchr(const void *s, int c, unsigned int n)
{
	 register unsigned char C = c;
	 while (--n >= 0)
	         if (*(unsigned char *)s++ == C) {
                      return --s;
                 }
         return (0);
}


however the inc/dec cause a temporary variable to be introduced:

void *memchr(const void *s, int c, unsigned int n)
{
         register unsigned char* S = s;
         register unsigned char C = (unsigned char) c;

         while (--n >= 0)
                 if (*S++ == C ){
	              return (void* )--S;
                 }
         return (0);
}


An alternative would have been to allow void* to be completed
(or inherit its type) by casts. The temporary S wouldn't be
necessary that causes a bit of coding awkwardness and 
inefficiency due to extra store that doesn't lend itself to copy
propagation removal. The code then becomes:

void *memchr(const void *s, int c, unsigned int n)
{
         register unsigned char C = c;

         while (--n >= 0)
                 if (*(unsigned char*)s++ == C ){
	              return (void *) --(unsigned char *)s;
                 }
         return (0);
}

Reasonable defaults would be that the size of what void* points
is the same as the size of char since void* pointers have the
same representation and alignment requirements as a pointer to
a character type.

Since this is all not true today I would expect to see the
idiom:

type func(void* p) {
	type T = p;
	...
	ref T
	...
}

for the most trivial of functions that march through data
structures via void*.

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